F. Fueling Station
Design Management Measure
Design fueling stations to allow for ease in cleanup
of spills.
This management measure is intended to be applied by
States to new and expanding marinas where fueling
stations are to be added or moved. Under the Coastal Zone Act
Reauthorization Amendments of 1990, States are subject to a number of
requirements as they develop coastal nonpoint source programs in
conformity with this measure and will have some flexibility in doing
so. The application of management measures by States is described more
fully in Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Program: Program
Development and Approval Guidance, published jointly by the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) of the U.S. Department of Commerce.
Spillage is a source of petroleum hydrocarbons in
marinas (USEPA, 1985a). Most petroleum-based fuels are lighter than
water and thus float on the water's surface. This property allows for
their capture if petroleum containment equipment is used in a timely
manner.
Selection of this measure is based on the preference
for pollution prevention in the design of marinas rather than reliance
on control of material that is released without forethought as to how
it will be cleaned up. The possibility of spills during fueling
operations always exists. Therefore, arrangements should be made to
contain pollutants released from fueling operations to minimize the
spread of pollutants through and out of the marina.
As discussed more fully at the beginning of this
chapter and in Chapter 1, the following practices
are described for illustrative purposes only. State programs need not
require implementation of these practices. However, as a practical
matter, EPA anticipates that the management measure set forth above
generally will be implemented by applying one or more management
practices appropriate to the source, location, and climate. The
practices set forth below have been found by EPA to be representative
of the types of practices that can be applied successfully to achieve
the management measure described above.
a. Locate and design fueling stations so that
spills can be contained in a limited area.
The location and design of the fueling station
should allow for booms to be deployed to surround a fuel spill.
Pollutant reduction effectiveness and the cost of the design of
fueling areas are difficult to quantify. When designing a new marina,
the additional costs of ensuring that the design incorporates
effective cleanup considerations should be minimal.
b. Design a Spill Contingency Plan.
A Spill Contingency Plan must be developed for fuel
storage and dispensation areas. The plan must meet local and State
requirements and must include spill emergency procedures, including
health and safety, notification, and spill containment and control
procedures. Marina personnel must be properly trained in spill
containment and control procedures.
c. Design fueling stations with spill containment
equipment.
Appropriate containment and control materials must
be stored in a clearly marked, easily accessible cabinet or locker.
The cabinet or locker must contain absorbent pads and booms, fire
extinguishers, a copy of the Spill Contingency Plan, and other
equipment deemed suitable. Easily used effective oil spill containment
equipment is readily available from commercial suppliers. Booms that
can be strung around the spill, absorb up to 25 times their weight in
petroleum products, and remain floating after saturation are available
at a cost of approximately $160 for four booms 8 inches in diameter
and 10 feet long with a weight of 40 pounds (Lab Safety, 1991).
Oil-absorbent sheets, rolls, and pillows are also available at
comparable prices.
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